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3201: Cannot open backup device. Operating system error (backup device error)

SQL Server

What does it mean?

The target backup device/file could not be opened during backup or restore. SQL Server could not access the specified path.

Why does it happen?

A wrong/nonexistent folder path, the SQL Server service account lacking write permission on the target folder, no access to a network share (UNC), a full disk, or the file being locked by another process.

How to fix it

Verify that the backup path exists and is spelled correctly. Grant the SQL Server service account write permission on the target folder. For UNC shares, check the service account's access. Make sure there is enough free disk space. For a local path, verify that the drive letter is visible from the server (not a client drive).

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